阳泉地区“老窑水”现状及治理对策探究

阳泉地区的“老窑水”目前已在部分区域出露,对区域地表水和喀斯特地下水水质造成了一定的影响。因此,本文在充分了解“老窑水”成因及对阳泉地区的影响的基础上,针对区域现状,按照分类制定、综合施策的原则,系统探究了“源头控、末端治”有效结合的治理方案,可为当地“老窑水”治理提供参考,以期为其他类似地区的“老窑水”治理提供借鉴。     

Improving water retention of chicken breast meats by CaCl2 combined with pulsed electric fields

Frozen poultry meat is the most widely consumed animal-based food. However, water loss often leads to quality loss of poultry meat. Therefore, the present study sought to investigate the combined effect of calcium chloride (CaCl₂) and pulsed electric fields (PEF) treatment on chicken breast meats and the mechanisms underlying protein degradation. The results showed that the synergistic effect was superior to the single treatment. Compared with the untreated group, the combination of CaCl₂ and PEF increased water holding capacity of chicken breast meats by 16.61% and decreased cooking loss by 28.93%. Low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (LF-NMR) results indicated that the synergistic treatment promoted water molecules' binding capacity in myofibrils of poultry meat, which exhibited higher immobilised water. Additionally, the combination of CaCl₂ and PEF led to increased degradation of proteins of high-molecular weight and surface hydrophobicity of myofibrillar protein. Furthermore, the extension of the protein molecule and microenvironmental changes promoted interaction between protein and water. In conclusion, the synergistic treatment of CaCl₂ and PEF enhanced water retention and improved physicochemical properties of the myofibrillar protein in chicken breast meats.     

对大中型钢结构企业生产管理体系的研究分析

以某大型钢结构制造企业为例,通过对产量分布、质量控制、劳动效率等基本数据的分析,研判外协生产管理体系方面存在的问题,从组织形态、管理模式、职能管理等多个维度提出了可行性建议,可为同类型钢结构制造企业提供经验借鉴。     

Thermodynamic assessment of the Ga–Se–Te system

In this study, the Ga–Te binary system was reassessed by means of the CALPHAD method using a modified lattice stability parameter for Te as well as experimental data for this binary system. The two-sublattice ionic solution model was applied for the liquid phase, and the intermediate phases were described by the sublattice model. A set of self-consistent thermodynamic parameters was optimized for all the phases in the Ga–Te binary system, which reproduced the phase diagram and the thermodynamic properties well. Using the reevaluated Ga–Te system, previously assessed Ga–Se system, and modified Se–Te system, a critical evaluation of the Ga–Se–Te ternary system was performed. The calculated vertical sections, isothermal sections, and liquidus projection agreed reasonably well with the experimental data. Immiscibility in the liquid phase was observed, and the origin of this behavior is discussed from a thermodynamic perspective.     

卡尔费休法测定液态氯乙烯中水含量的研究

采用卡尔费休法测定了液态氯乙烯单体中的水含量。试验确定了采样工具、样品的预处理方式及选用溶剂的最优方案,并进行了精密度与准确度的验证。结果表明卡尔费休法测定液态氯乙烯单体中的水含量准确、快速,可以用来准确、及时地指导生产。     

直流配网型混合动力系统在车客渡船上的应用

针对车客渡船动力负荷切换频繁,传统柴油机推进油耗高、排放和噪声大的问题,提出一种基于变速发电机组和超级电容储能装置的直流配网型混合动力系统。目前系统已成功应用于“江苏路渡3011”轮,实船运行数据显示:该混合动力系统不仅能达到较好的节油效果、降低排放,更在操控性、舒适性上优于传统的柴油机推进模式。     

Effect of laver powder on textual,rheological properties and water distribution of squid (Dosidicus gigas) surimi gel

In order to ameliorate the gel quality of Dosidicus gigas surimi, the effects of laver powder on gel properties, rheological properties, and water-holding capacity (WHC) were investigated. Results indicated that the addition of laver powder could significantly increase the hardness, chewiness, and breaking force of surimi gels. However, the texture indexes and gel strength began to decline when additional amount exceeded 0.6%. Rheological results demonstrated that the addition of laver powder increased the storage modulus (G′) and viscosity of surimi, prolonged protein denaturation temperature in surimi gels. Moreover, the WHC of surimi gel was improved with the increase of laver powder. Further analyses in low-field nuclear magnetic resonance revealed that laver powder could shorten the transverse relaxation time, enhanced the combination with water, and altered the distribution of different water categories. The proportion of bound water and immobilized water reached its maximum and minimum at 0.6% of laver powder, respectively. Correlation analyses showed that WHC of surimi gel was negatively correlated well with the proportion of loose-bound water, but positively correlated with the strong-bound water and free water. In conclusion, the results supported that 0.6% was the optimal additional amount of laver powder for the squid-based surimi production based on the current ingredients of surimi products.     

井下供电监控及防越级跳闸系统运用分析

以井下供电监控及防越级跳闸运用为对象开展探究。在分析矿井供电系统运行中现存主要问题的基础上,对供电监控与防越级跳闸系统整体应用的积极意义进行了分析和总结,希望能够让更多矿井技术人员了解供电监控及防越级跳闸系统的优越性,为其在矿井中的广泛推广普及提供便利,为煤矿行业更加高效地发展提供帮助。     

闭式外腔循环太阳能墙集热效果实验研究

文章设计了闭式外腔循环太阳能墙系统,从理论和实验两方面研究太阳能墙传热传质规律。以大连市冬季为研究背景,基于对实验测温点不同时刻的持续监测,从逐时曲线中分析了不同环境下闭式外腔循环系统内部温度以及室内获得热量后室温的变化情况。结果表明,太阳能墙集热效率与太阳辐射强度密切相关,在晴朗天气下,白天部分时段单一太阳能墙就能满足采暖要求,不满足采暖要求时可以选择空气源热泵辅助采暖。     

牵引车载荷对NOx排放和排温影响的试验研究

在五轴动力总成试验台架上对牵引车在不同载荷下进行同一路谱的排放试验,研究牵引车在不同载荷下NOx排放和排温的变化,得到载荷与排放物和选择性催化还原(selective catalytic reduction,SCR)上游排温的变化关系。结果表明:载荷为标定载荷的60%以下时,NOx比排放值与载荷基本呈线性相关;载荷超过标定载荷的75%时,NOx比排放值与载荷呈二次项相关;载荷在为标定载荷的23%以上时,NOx比排放值与SCR上游排温基本呈线性相关。利用该试验结论可以通过只进行单一载荷排放试验,判断车辆在其他载荷下的排放水平是否满足国家标准要求,并可通过载荷对排温的影响规律预判排放水平。